High frequency radiation structure



All? 6, 1940. R. HERZOG 2,210,666

HIGH FREQUENCY RADIATION STRUCTURE Filed Jan. 9, 1937 -K' 7 y .sw/7271 l 4 l cavfrol N/anion' #lea/1s farzzey Patented Aug. 6, 1940 UNITE STTES PTENT OFECE HIGH FREQUENCY RADIATION STRUCTURE Application January 9, 1937, Serial No. 119,777

In Germany January 14, 1936 i 7 Claims( (c1. 25o- 11).

0 antennae spaced at a suitable distance from the main antenna to reflect the radiation from this. These reflecting antennae or reflectors are alternately rendered effective and ineffective by manipulating or keying them in accordance with a 5 suitable method, in order to radiate signals which shall complete each other to form an uninterrupted signal radiation designated as continuous dash Zone, this radiation being the desired course line.

.0 As described in the said patent, such keying may be performed with the aid of electromagnetic relays tted to the reflectors. In the case of a very quick rhythm of keying, however, these relays may happen not to respond at the proper 5 instants of time.

signals may happen to overlap one another so as to form gaps between them. In such case therefore the desired continuous dash radiation is not obtained.

30 In the copending application Ser. No. 110,830,

filed November 14, 1936, for Radio beacons, it is proposed to overcome this drawback by avoiding the use of electromagnetic relays. The keying means forming part of the reflectors are here 5 actuated and interconnected by a purely mechanical arrangement, that is to say, an arrangement acting without the aid of electric means. In the case of very short waves, however, an arrangement of this kind may happen to entail field distortions.

In accordance with the invention the first said disadvantages are overcome by using gas-filled discharge valves or tubes for keying the reflectors. 5 The invention will be understood from the following description in which some embodiments of the invention are disclosed, reference being had to the accompanying drawing in which Fig. l is a diagrammatic elevation of a radiation structure comprising reflectors of the novel construction. Fig. 2 is a fragmentary view illustrating a slight modification of the arrangement represented in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1 and shows a second modification of the arrangement illustrated in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a As a result, the complementary partially diagrammatic fragmentary sectional View of a reflector as provided by the invention. Fig. 5 is an elevation of a special type of reflector adapted for use in connection with the invention.

The arrangements illustrated in Figs. l and 3 each comprise three upright antennae, namely a dipole E and two dipoles R located at a'certain distance therefrom. Dipole E, disposed between the dipoles R, is connected by line L to a high frequency generator G in order to be constantly energized thereby.

The dipoles or reflectors R are interrupted in the middle and are provided there with the means for keying them, as disclosed in the said Patent 2,028,510.

In accordance with the novel invention the keying means of each reflector consists of a gasfilled discharge tube D and a switching member or key T connected in circuit therewith. The tubes D may be glow discharge tubes, for eX- ample.

In order to render a reflector R effective, a voltage, indicated by the signs is applied to the electrodes of the tube D of this reflector by closing the appertaining key T, this voltage acting to ignite tube D. Thus, with the state of things represented in Fig. 1, for instance, reector R shown on the left is effective Whilst the other reflector R is ineffective.

The keys T may be actuated in any suitable manner, for instance by motor-driven means.

Also, the tubes D may be electronic valves having a grid or several grids, and in such case may be grid-controlled, as represented in Fig. 2 where key T is arranged to apply a suitable voltage to f-- a grid d of the tube D. This example of grid control is merely to illustrate the fact that gridcontrolled tubes are likewise adapted for the purpose of the invention, and is in a sense a special form of so varying the grid potential that the discharge tube shall one time be permeable, that is to say, conductive, and the other time nonconductive, according to the voltages applied to the grid.

In the case of very high frequencies it is often not suicient to make the reflectors R in two portions, as shown in Fig. 1, because these may still tend to oscillate. In order to obviate this, the reflectors may be composed of more than two portions, for instance four portions I, 2, 3, 4 as represented in Figs. 3 and 4.

As shown in Fig. 4, the reflector portions, such as I to 4, may be tubular, and the tubes D may be contained in housings J intervening between the reflector portions. The housings J consist of an insulating material and are arranged to support the tubes D. These are connected in parallel by means of wires El disposed within the reflector R, and are in this way connected to conductive jackets F of the reflector portions. Alternatively, the wires E. may be used for a series-connection of the tubes D, as will be readily seen.

By the wires E being located Within the reflector, eld distortions will be avoided.

As regards the radiation characteristic, the novel arrangement is of special advantage if the reflectors R are of the type shown in Fig. 5 which represents a so-called semi-dipole, the advantage residing in the fact that the keying is here effected in close proximity to the earths surface.

Reector arrangements as provided by the invention are very easy to install, as will be seen from the representative examples here disclosed, and are especially adapted for use in connection with high frequencies if the reflectors are composed of more than two portions in the manner described by way of example. v

The invention is suitable. for usewith any kind of keyed radiation structures and is therefore not restricted to its application with radio beacons.

What is claimed is:

1. A radio transmitting arrangement comprising a main antenna, a high frequency generator coupled thereto, two subdivided reflector antennae adapted to reflect the radiation from said main antenna, a gas-filled discharge tube inserted at a point sub-dividing each of said reflectors, means for alternately varying the operating voltages of said gas-filled discharge tubes in such a manner that the gas-filled discharge tube of one reflector antenna is ignited at the same instant when the gas-filled discharge tube of the second reflector antenna is extinguished for rendering said reflectors alternately 'effective and ineffective so that one is inelTective While the other is effective.

2. An arrangement according to claim 1,

'wherein the discharge tubes are of the glow discharge type.

3. An arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the discharge tubes are grid-controlled tubes.

4. An arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the subdivided reectors are composed of more than two sections and wherein means are provided for controlling the discharge tubes in each reflector conjointly.

5. In an arrangement according to claim 1, insulating means attaching the sections of the subdivided reflectors to each other and supporting the discharge tubes. v

6. An arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the reectors are tubular and leads, connected to the discharge tubes, are located within the reflectors.

'7. An arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the reflectors are semi-dipoles.

ROBERT HERZOG. 

